Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Takamatsu, Kuniyoshi
Kakushinteki Reikyaku Gijutsu; Mekanizumu Kara Soshi, Shisutemu Kaihatsu Made, p.179 - 183, 2024/01
The HTGR has excellent safety, and even in the event of an accident where the reactor coolant is lost, the decay heat and residual heat in the core can be dissipated from the outer surface of the RPV, so the fuel temperature never exceeds the limit value, and the core stabilizes. On the other hand, regarding the cooling system that transports the heat emitted from the RPV to the final heat sink, an active cooling system using forced circulation of water by a pump, etc., and a passive cooling system using natural circulation of the atmosphere have been proposed. However, there is a problem that the cooling performance is affected by the operation of dynamic equipment and weather conditions. This paper presents an overview of a new cooling system concept using radiative cooling, which has been proposed to solve the above problem, and introduces the results of analysis and experiments aimed at confirming the feasibility of this concept.
Doda, Norihiro; Igawa, Kenichi*; Iwasaki, Takashi*; Murakami, Satoshi*; Tanaka, Masaaki
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 410, p.112377_1 - 112377_15, 2023/08
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)To enhance the safety of sodium-cooled fast reactors, the decay heat in the core must be removed by natural circulation even if the AC power supply to the forced circulation equipment is lost. Under natural circulation conditions, sodium flow is driven by buoyancy, and flow velocity and temperature distribution influence each other. Thus, it is difficult to evaluate the core hot spot temperature by deterministically considering the uncertainties affecting flow and heat. In this study, a statistical evaluation method is developed for the core hot spot temperature by using Monte Carlo sampling methods. The applicability of the core hotspot evaluation method was confirmed in three representative events during natural circulation decay heat removal operations in loop-type sodium-cooled fast reactors.
Banno, Masaki*; Funatani, Shumpei*; Takamatsu, Kuniyoshi
Proceedings of 30th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE30) (Internet), 7 Pages, 2023/05
A fundamental study on the safety of a passive cooling system for the RPV with radiative cooling is conducted. The object of this study is to demonstrate that passive RPV cooling system with radiative cooling is extremely safe and reliable even in the event of natural disasters. Therefore, an experimental apparatus, which is about 1/20 scale of the actual cooling system, was fabricated with several stainless steel containers. The surface of the heating element in the experimental apparatus simulates the surface of the RPV, and the heating element generates natural convection and radiation. A comparison of the Grashof number between the actual cooling system and the experimental apparatus confirmed that both were turbulent, and the experimental results as a scale model are valuable. Moreover, the experimental results confirmed that the heat generated from the surface of the RPV during the rated operation can be removed.
Banno, Masaki*; Funatani, Shumpei*; Takamatsu, Kuniyoshi
Yamanashi Koenkai 2022 Koen Rombunshu (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2022/10
A fundamental study on the safety of a passive cooling system for the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) with radiative cooling is conducted. The object of this study is to demonstrate that passive RPV cooling system with radiative cooling is extremely safe and reliable even in the event of natural disasters. Therefore, an experimental apparatus, which is about 1/20 scale of the actual cooling system, was fabricated with several stainless steel containers. The surface of the heating element in the experimental apparatus simulates the surface of the RPV, and the heating element generates natural convection and radiation. As a result of the experiments, we succeeded in visualizing the natural convection in the experimental apparatus in detail.
Yoshimura, Kazuo; Doda, Norihiro; Tanaka, Masaaki; Fujisaki, Tatsuya*; Murakami, Satoshi*; Vilim, R. B.*
Proceedings of 19th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-19) (Internet), 16 Pages, 2022/03
In Japan Atomic Energy Agency, the multilevel simulation system which enables consistent evaluation from the whole plant behavior to the local phenomena is being developed to optimize plant design and enhance the safety of sodium-cooled fast reactors. To validate the coupling method in the MLS system, the 1D-CFD coupling method using Super-COPD for 1D plant dynamics analysis and Fluent for multi-dimensional CFD analysis was applied to the analyses of loss of flow tests in EBR-II. It was confirmed that it could predict multi-dimensional thermal-hydraulic phenomena such as thermal stratification in the upper plenum, Z-shaped pipe, and cold pool, holding the whole plant behavior simultaneously. Moreover, the applicability of the 1D-CFD coupling method to the evaluation of the phenomena in natural circulation conditions was confirmed by comparing the results of the 1D-CFD couple analyses and the measured data.
Tsuji, Mitsuyo; Aizawa, Kosuke; Kobayashi, Jun; Kurihara, Akikazu; Miyake, Yasuhiro*
Proceedings of 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE 2020) (Internet), 5 Pages, 2020/08
The water experiments using a 1/10 scale experimental apparatus simulating the reactor vessel of SFR were conducted to investigate the natural circulation phenomena in a reactor vessel. In this paper, the natural circulation flow field in the reactor vessel was measured by the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) method. The PIV measurement was carried out under the operation of the dipped-type direct heat exchanger (DHX) installed in the upper plenum when 20% of the core fuel fell to the lower plenum and accumulated on the core catcher. From the results of PIV measurement, it was quantitatively confirmed that the upward flow occurred at the center region of the lower and upper plenums. In addition, the downward flows were confirmed near the reactor vessel wall in the upper plenum and through outermost layer of the simulated core in the lower plenum. Moreover, the relationship between the temperature field and the velocity field was investigated in order to understand the natural circulation phenomenon in the reactor vessel. From the above results, it was confirmed that the natural circulation cooling path was established under the dipped-type DHX operation.
Tanaka, Masaaki; Ono, Ayako; Hamase, Erina; Ezure, Toshiki; Miyake, Yasuhiro*
Nihon Kikai Gakkai Kanto Shibu Ibaraki Koenkai 2018 Koen Rombunshu (CD-ROM), 4 Pages, 2018/08
Decay heat removal system (DHRS) by using the natural circulation without depending on the pump as the mechanical equipment is recognized as one of the most effective methodologies for the sodium-cooled fast reactor from the viewpoint of the safety enhancement. The numerical estimation method which can predict thermal hydraulic phenomena in the natural circulation under the plant cooling process by operating the various DHRSs including the severe accident is necessarily required. In this paper, the numerical results of the preliminary analysis for the sodium experiment condition with the apparatus of PLANDTL-2, in which the core and the upper plenum with a dipped-type direct heat exchanger (DHX) were modeled, were discussed, in order to establish an appropriate numerical models for the direct heat exchanger (DHX).
Hamase, Erina; Doda, Norihiro; Nabeshima, Kunihiko; Ono, Ayako; Ohshima, Hiroyuki
Nihon Kikai Gakkai Rombunshu (Internet), 83(848), p.16-00431_1 - 16-00431_11, 2017/04
A plant dynamics analysis code Super-COPD is being developed in JAEA for the design and safety assessments of sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFRs). In this study, the friction loss coefficients in the whole core thermal-hydraulic model was modified to improve the prediction accuracy of the sodium temperature distribution in a fuel subassembly under the natural circulation conditions. The modified whole core model was applied to analyses of experiments that were performed by using JAEA's test facility PLANDTL as a part of the code validation study. The obtained numerical results of sodium temperature distributions in the core showed good agreement with the measured data. It implies that the modified whole core model can properly reproduce dominant thermal-hydraulic phenomena in the core region under natural circulation conditions, i.e., flow redistribution among fuel subassemblies as well as in a fuel subassembly and inter-subassembly heat transfer.
Doda, Norihiro; Ohshima, Hiroyuki; Kamide, Hideki; Watanabe, Osamu*
Proceedings of 10th Japan-Korea Symposium on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics and Safety (NTHAS-10) (USB Flash Drive), 10 Pages, 2016/11
A natural circulation decay heat removal system is adopted in the design of an advanced loop type fast reactor in Japan. For the core structural integrity, we have developed a new evaluation method for the core hot spot temperature during natural circulation decay heat removal operations. In the method, safety analyses are performed with the plant dynamics models that can consider characteristic thermal-hydraulic phenomena under natural circulation conditions. In addition, the core hot spot temperature is estimated with its uncertainty quantified in the statistical manner. This paper describes the evaluation method and also the application results to a loss of offsite power event.
Doda, Norihiro; Ohira, Hiroaki; Kamide, Hideki
Proceedings of 2016 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2016) (CD-ROM), p.1618 - 1625, 2016/04
Sodium-cooled fast reactors have been developed aiming at introducing natural circulation decay heat removal systems by utilizing the characteristic of having a large coolant temperature difference between at the inlet and at the outlet of reactor vessel. In this study, as part of validation for core hot spot evaluation method which is required for adoption of natural circulation decay heat removal systems, an analysis of EBR-II (Experimental Breeder Reactor II) shutdown heat removal test using the method was performed. The results demonstrated that the evaluation method sufficiently predicts the whole plant thermal hydraulic behaviors and the maximum coolant temperature in a fuel subassembly during natural circulation decay heat removal operations.
Nakajima, Nobuya; Takahashi, Hiroki; Kusunoki, Tsuyoshi; Mitomo, Nobuo
JAERI-Tech 2005-057, 54 Pages, 2005/09
JAERI-Tech-2005-057.pdf:4.27MB
Availability using small reactor sited in deep underground cave was examined as a district heat supply system.From the viewpoint of a social acceptability, the contact points with a distributed small reactor system were examined to resolve a social structure-subject of a big city through investigation of the city environmental issue and city calamity. In order to estimate the scale of the heat source of a district heat supply system, a virtual city model was set up about 100,000 populations. It became clear that the heat can be supplied by installing two reactors with thermal-power 100MWt (MR-100G) in caves. Moreover, it turns out that the system will also function effectively for more than 40 years. The economic efficiency of this system was compared with the natural-gas boiler, and we confirmed that the district heat supply system by the small reactor is excellent especially for the case of long-term system operation.
Ishida, Toshihisa; Yoritsune, Tsutomu
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 215(1-2), p.51 - 67, 2002/06
Times Cited Count：110 Percentile：98.41(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
Yoritsune, Tsutomu; Ishida, Toshihisa
JAERI-Research 2001-053, 45 Pages, 2001/12
JAERI-Research-2001-053.pdf:1.77MB
no abstracts in English
; ; *; Yamaguchi, Akira
JNC TN9400 2000-109, 96 Pages, 2000/11
JNC-TN9400-2000-109.pdf:9.56MB
Numerical calculations were carried out for a free surface sloshing, a thermal stratification, a thermal striping, and a natural convection as key phenomena of in-vessel thermohydraulics in future fast reactor systems with various fluids as coolants. This numerical work was initiaied based on a recognition that the fundamental characteristics of the phenomena have been unsolved quantitatively in the use of various coolants. From the analysis for the phenomena, the following results were obtained. [Free Surface Sloshing phenomena] (1)Ther is no remarkable difference betweeen liquid sodium and luquid Pb-Bi in characteristics of internal flows and free surface charatristics based on Fr number. (2)the AQUA-VOF code has a potentiall enough to evaluate gas entrainment behavior from the free surface including the internal flow characteristics. [thermal Stratification Phenomena] (1)On-set position of thermal entainment process due to dynamic vortex flows was moved to downstream direction with decreasing of Ri number. 0n the other hand, the position in the case of C0
gas was shifted to upstream side with decreasing of Ri number. (2)Destruction speed of the thermal stratyification interface was dependent on thermal diffusivity as fluid properties. therefor it was concluded that an elimination method is necessary for the interface generated in C0 gas. [thermal Striping Phenomena] (1)Large amplitudes of fluid temperature fluctuations was reached to down stream area in the use of CO gas, due to larger fluid viscosity and smaller thermal diffusivity, compared with liquid sodium and liquid Pb-Bi cases. (2)To simulate thermal striping conditions such as amplitude and frequency of the fluid temperature fluctuations, it isnecessary for coincidences of Re number for the amplitude and of velocity value for the frequency, in various coolants. [Natural Convection Phenomena] (1)Fundamental behavior of the natural convection in various coolant follows buoyant jet ....
Ochiai, Masaaki
Enerugi, 33(10), p.49 - 53, 2000/10
no abstracts in English
Takeda, Tetsuaki; Hishida, Makoto*
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 200(1-2), p.251 - 259, 2000/08
Times Cited Count：26 Percentile：82.67(Nuclear Science & Technology)no abstracts in English
Sakai, Takaaki; *; Ohshima, Hiroyuki; Yamaguchi, Akira
JNC TN9400 2000-033, 94 Pages, 2000/04
JNC-TN9400-2000-033.pdf:4.36MB
The feasibility study on several concepts for the commercial fast breeder reactor(FBR) in future has been conducted in JNC for the kinds of possible coolants and fuel types to confirm the direction of the FBR developments in Japan. ln this report, Lead and Lead-Bismuth eutectic coolants were estimated for the decay heat removal characteristics by the comparison with sodium coolant that has excellent features for the heat transfer and heat transport performance. Heavy liquid metal coolants, such as Lead and Lead-Bismuth, have desirable chemical inertness for water and atmosphere. Therefore, there are many economical plant proposals without an intermediate heat transport system that prevents the direct effect on a reactor core by the chemical reaction between water and the liquid metal coolant at the hypocritical tube fairer accidents in a steam generator. ln this study, transient analyses on the thermal-hydraulics have been performed for the decay heat removal events in "Equivalent plant" with the Lead, Lead-Bismuth and Sodium coolant by using Super-COPD code. And a resulted optimized lead cooled plant in feasibility study was also analyzed for the comparison. ln conclusion, it is become clear that the natural circulation performance, that has an important roll in passive safety characteristic of the reactor, is more excellent in heavy liquid metals than sodium coolant during the decay heat removal transients. However, we need to conform the heat transfer reduction by the oxidize film or the corrosion products expected to appear on the heat transfer surface in the Lead and Lead-Bismuth circumstance.
Nakajima, Nobuya; Kusunoki, Tsuyoshi; Odano, Naoteru; Ochiai, Masaaki
Dai-7-Kai Doryoku Enerugi Gijutsu Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (00-11), p.225 - 228, 2000/00
no abstracts in English
H.Yang*; Hidaka, Akihide; Sugimoto, Jun
JAERI-Tech 99-013, 97 Pages, 1999/03
no abstracts in English
Otaka, Masahiko; Ohshima, Hiroyuki
JNC TN9400 98-004, 34 Pages, 1998/10
A whole core thermal hydraulic analysis program ACT is being developed for the purpose of evaluating detailed in-core thermal hydraulic phenomena of fast reactors including inter-wrapper flow under various reactor operation conditions. In this work, the core module as a main part of the ACT developed last year, which simulates thermal-hydraulics in the subassemblies and the inter-subassembly gaps, was coupled with an one dimensional plant system thermal-hydraulic analysis code LEDHER to simulate transients in the primary heat transport system and to give appropriate boundary conditions to the core model. The effective algorithm to couple these two calculation modules was developed, which required minimum modification of them. In order to couple these two calculation modules on the computing system, parallel computing technique using PVM(Parallel Virtual Machine) programming environment was applied. The code system was applied to analyze an out-of-pile sodium experiment simulating core with 7 subassemblies under transient condition for code verification. It was confirmed that analytical results show a similar tendency of experimental results.
